Flat parasitic worms are presented in the fauna of our planet mainly to Digenetic plates (cat and liver yard) and a ribbon (bull and pigshopedorm, a wide cassette, echo-echoque.
Diseases caused by them are called helminthias.The nutrients of the worms are absorbed by a rotary hole or surface of your body with osmosis.
Disease list
Helminthose caused by flat helmints are classified according to different characters - the infection method, number of owners, life forms, etc.
Depending on the presence or absence of an intermediate host, 3 diseases differ:
- Geogelmintosis,in which worms do not need a temporary owner.Geo -gogelminthiasis worms are localized in the human body, which is the final master for them.
- Biogelmintosis,It is characterized by the fact that the parasites, in addition to the main (final) hosts, also need medium.
- HimenolepidosisOr otherwise contagious (contact) helminthias in which parasites are transmitted from person to person.From the human body, parasites are characterized by mature, ready for further invasion.
Depending on the characteristics of development, pathogens are classified:
- method of invasion;
- the nature of life in an external environment;
- By value occupied in human pathology.
Invasion with cestodes can occur in different ways of penetrating through the skin, when swallowing worm eggs, with bite insect carrier.Parasite migration is often accompanied by violating the integrity of tissues and organ.
Important!Most often, cestods are localized in the gastrointestinal tract.But some types of Hermimans were created in other bodies and systems - liver, lungs, bile channels.
Helminthosis is a common name for diseases caused by the presence of worms.Invasions of specific types of helmimans often carry certain names.Here are some of the diseases caused by certain types of straight parasites.
Tennism is a disease that occurs during the infection of the bull chain.The invasion is characterized by pronounced toxic allergic events and disability disorders.
Tusirinchosis belongs to biogelmintosis.That is, Bikovski Tapeworm has a final (person) and medium host (cattle).Infection occurs entry into the human body of worms when eating miscuted meat infected animals.The parasite is localized in the gut, fastening on the walls with suction cups, which at the same time damage the integument of the intestinal tissue.
Tusiarincosis often continues without symptoms.But in the event of a serious lesion, the following diseases are held:
- dyspepsia;
- nausea;
- Bad appetite;
- abundant salivation;
- A sense of seriousness in epigastria;
- Gorumište;
- vomiting.
The tennis is helminthiasis caused by the infection of the pork chain.It is characterized by damage to individual bodies (brains, eyes) and system disorders (dyspepsia, violation of the function of the central nervous system).
Pork Tapeworm is a striptease worm that is parasiled in small bowls of a person.The parts of his body, along with eggs, are excreted during the bowel movement, eating pigs, which become an intermediate host for Tapeworm.In addition to the pig, the role of the latter can play rabbits, dogs, rabbits, camels.A person is the only final master for Helmint.
For information!The chain is infected when the insufficiently welded or fried pork is used, an invasion is possible through water and dirty hands.
The clinical picture of the Tuzija is similar to the manifestations of Tenirinko, only more pronounced.People infected with a chain can fall into a short relationship.In the complicated form of tissues of tissues and human organs affect the tapemotal eggs with the formation of incense larvaes - cystics.Depending on the localization of the latter, severe violation of the heart and brain, vision vision (including complete blindness) are possible.
Eachinococcours
Echinococus are caused by ribbon with worms with alveokoccus and echinococcus.
Invasions develop with two owner's participation:
- Medium (still and herbivorous destroys, persons), in which the larvae form of helminth parasites;
- Final (PS - Šakali, wolves, handcuffs), containing adult worms.
Echinococus is transmitted to the person from animals, ie they are in their type of invasion zone.The infection occurs through eggs in hand, vegetables, fruits.
The disease is manifested in 2 forms:
- Single - moisturizing, cysticated);
- and more -chamber echinococus (alveococos).
For people, the echinococose is the process of forming cysts (Finna) that arise in various bodies - the heart, liver, lungs, bones, brains.Perhaps the formation of metastases resemble a cancer.
Note!The clinic and severity of the disease are determined by size and number of cysts, their localization.The affected bodies were subjected to dystrophical changes (parenchyms atrophy, stroma sclerosis).The parasite metabolism products cause toxic allergic reactions.With the rupture of cyst connection, the anaphylactic shock is not excluded.
Himenolepidosis
The disease is caused by Dwarf Taper - relatively small helia, if we compare it with other representatives of this class.
Tapiceworm has a small head, neck and body divided into members.When his eggs enter the human body, they are developed in a paint attached to the villa to the intestinal walls.Lists are converted into young individuals (cysticcoids), which are the mean phase between the larvae and adults.
The cystiskoid is a patulator for the owner, because the cysticoids are able to destroy the intestinal walls with the formation of inflammation and erosion.The human body reacts to the defeat of anemia and signs of poisoning.
The eggs are laid over the adults of Tapeworm.When Helminth reaches a certain length, part of his body members with eggs are rejected and out with the feces.The second part remains in the intestines and continues its life cycle.
Invasion per dwarf chain occurs when drinking dirty water, consuming unwashed, gelminth vegetables and fruits, when they get tangled with the arms where there are eggs, faces and lips.
Himenolepidosis is manifested by the following main symptoms:
- Quick weight loss;
- stomachache;
- Strong weakness.
The disease is diagnosed based on the results of fecal analysis.Treatment is carried out by synthetic drugs, the doctor prescribes the dose and entry after testing the patient and studying analysis data.
The main way to prevent infection is in line with cleanliness: frequent washing hands and shower, changing clothes, bathroom maintenance with efficient disinfectants.
Danger to people
Invasias per cest (hymenolepidosis, difilobotrioza, tuzija, cystichoza, shading are very dangerous diseases, full of threatening life complications.
It's worth knowing!Helminthiasis event may vary depending on the systems and bodies affected by worms and the degree of infection.With the impairment of the central nervous system, inadequacy of behavior, paralysis, epileptic seizures, hyperactivity can take place.The patient may experience headaches and dizziness, weakness, insomnia.
Allergic reactions in the form of quincke's edema, urticaria or food allergies often occur in response to infection.
Significant digestive disorders can be observed, manifest in the form of diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, cramped stupid or sharp pain in the abdomen.In some cases, pancretitis and cholecystitis can be developed.The consequence of a violation of the functionality of the gastrointestinal tract, as a rule, is sharp weight loss.
Blood tests can detect hypochomic anemia and eosinophilia.
Prevention
Prevention is mainly reduced to compliance with personal hygiene rules.Without this, it is almost impossible to avoid infection, be in an environment in which they are frequent hemminth eggs.It is no less important from the point of view of the prevention of invasions, the correct heat treatment of meat and other products is correct.
Main recommendations for prevention:
- Be sure to wash your hands when returning from the street, before the meal, after the Reference of Natural Needs.
- Eat only pure, well-tinted fruits and vegetables.
- Drink only cooked or bottled water.Even filtered water can contain eggs of parasites without mentioning the one that comes from the water supply without filtering.
- Avoid too close contact with pets - not to let them go to bed, don't kiss.Regularly check "our smaller brothers" for Helmints, if necessary, contact the veterinary clinic.
- Wash the linens more often and hit underwear, especially baby.
- Maintain your immunity at the appropriate level.This will allow the body to carry yourself with Helmintias.
- In the presence of circumstances that create an increased risk of infection (a business trip or tourist trip to exotic countries, in groups where the risk of invasion is high), use preventive entry of antigelminth.But it must be done not more than 2 times a year with mandatory consulting with a doctor.
If the infection occurred, medications are prescribed by drugs individually.These are usually tablet medications.In severe cases, injections, droplets, radiation are used.
Funds of traditional medicine, with their appropriate use, are also effective in the fight against Helminthias.